Jacquard loom for weaving pile carpets



Dec. 8, 1931. c. c. BRINTON 1,835,555

' JACQUARD LOOM FOR WEAVING FILE CARPETS Filed Jan. 30, 1929 6 ShetS-Sheet l7 C. C. BRlNTON JACQUARD LO'OM FOR WEAVING FILE CARPETS Dgc. s, 1931.

Filed Jan. 30, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 lllllllllllllllllllllllll wgm roe 6- 59m n 7% m Arm/min D. 8:19.31. c, c, BRINTON 1,835,555

JACQUARD LOOMFOR WEAVING FILE CARPETS Filed Jan. 50, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 mw w Dec. 8, 1931.

c. c. BRINTON 1,835,555

JACQUARD LOOM FOR WEAVING FILE CARPETS Filed Jan. 30, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Dec. 8, 1931. c. c. BRINTON JACQUARD LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE CARPETS Fi led Jan. 30, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet s "Dec. 8, 1931. c, c, N- 0 Q 1,835,555

JACQUARD LOOM FOR WEAVING FILE CARPETS Filed Jan. 30, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Dec. 8, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BRINTONS LIMITED, KIDDERMINSTER, ENG-LAND, A BRITISH COMPANY JACQUARD LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE GARPETS Application filed January 3Q, 1929, SerialNo.

This invention has reference to Jacquard looms for weaving pile carpets and other figured pile or tufted multi-color fabrics and relates in particular to, looms wherein the yarn carriers are operated by a differentialliftjacquard for selecting the colors from which tufts are cut for conveyance into the fell of the cloth; the saidyarn carriers being connected by wires or cords with the lifters in the differential lift. mechanism which is actuated by the jacquard in such a way that the blank or perforation on the jacquard card corresponding with a certain color causes the carrier to be lifted until that color is at right height or position in the loom for the cutting off and transference of the tuft into. the fell of the cloth.

In carpet-weaving looms of the kind'known in the trade as the Brinton Axminster loom, the colored tuft-yarnsare conveyed .and located in vertical superimposition (i. e. :with the various colors one over the other) into vertically-displaceable yarn-carriers, and the difierential lifting or displacement of these carriers is controlledthrough lifters by a jacquard which, as hitherto constructed, comprises a battery of horizontal needles working in guide-holes in a stationary needleplate and arranged transversely to the loom in a series of vertical rows, each containing a number of needles corresponding to the numberv of j acquard-controlled colors in the yarn carriers; Each such vertical row of horizontal needles is associated with a set of lifter-pegs (equivalent in number andspacing to the needles) which are slidably carried horizontally in a guide-brass attached to a yarn-carrier lifter; the arrangement being such that when one of the horizontal needles is permitted by the jacquard to be operated or displaced in its needle-plate by the action of the'jacquard grid, this displaced needle imparts a corresponding horizontal movement to its complementary lifter-peg, causing the latter to be projected beyond its brass into the path of an ascending lifting bar or straight-edge that brings about the raising of the lifter and its yarn carrier through the prescribed distance for correctly positioning the selected yarn-color for cut- 336,172, andin Great Britain May 22, 1928.

- relation tothe stroke of the straight-edge, or by the distance through-which thestraightedgehas' to rise before engaging under the projected peg and picking up the lifter.

.Now in the interests of strength and durability, it is desirable that the lifter-pegs (which usually and preferably are circular insection) should be of. substantial dimen- -sions to enable them to stand .upto the re peated impact of the yarn-liftingstraightedge and to the wear occasioned by their reciprocating motion in the brasses, but the use of pegs of substantial section'has: hitherto involved consequential disadvantage in that the necessity ofproviding sufficiently-thick 1 guide-brasses requires excessive lateral space for their accommodatlon 1n the jacquard and this same consideration also imposes limitations on the pitch of the weave or on the number of tufts per lateral inch that can be woven into the carpet. It has, therefore, been proposed, with a view to cutting down the jacquard width in relation to the width of the other parts of the loom, to use pegs of rectangular section, but such pegs have been found to bedifficult of manufacture and-unreliable in operation. .In fact, the problem of constructing an efficient and durable cl0sepitch jacquard of substantially the same width as the carpet to be woven is one for which no adequate solution has hitherto been found, and in known constructions, such as in the Brinton loom above mentioned, Where the horizontal needles are arranged in a single battery and the whole of the lifter brasses are disposed in one rowacross the width of the loom, the necessity of providing lifterpegs and guide-brasses of adequate dimensions has limited the weaving pitchto a maximum: of. seven tufts per inch and resulted in the jacquard taking. up a lateral space-approximating to double the carpet-width capacity of the l0om;.the ratio ofjacquard .CEGIL CHARLES BRINTON, 0F KIDDERMINSTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOB OF ONEHALF- TO width to maximum carpet width being an increasing or cumulative one.

The present invention proposes a solution for the problem referred to in that, whilst enabling lifter pegs of substantial section to be housed and guided in brasses of adequate dimensions, it provides for the construction and mounting of a close-pitch jacquard within 'a much smaller lateral space than has hitherto been possible ,in fact, the invention enables the construction of a strong and durable jacquard that can be built into a space of substantially same width as the maximum width of carpet the loom is capable of weaving (however wide that carpet may be) and enables the production of closer pitch weave containing, .for example, nine tufts per lateral inch.

According to the said invention, and to realize the advantages above referred to, it is proposed so to dispose the peg-guides of the arn-carrier lifters'as to locate the lifter-pegs 1n separated and parallel or superimposed horizontal rows or series (preferably by arranging the guides of alternate lifters in staggered relationship) and to distribute the horizontal jacquard needles into correspondingly-separated and superimposed batteries or groups, so that the needles of each battery operate to control the lifter pegs in the complementary row of guides. It is also proposed to arrange for the displacement and return of the needles by providing a separate group or series of impact-bars in the jacquard grid, and a separate dabbing-board, to each needle-battery; also to provide a separate liftin .-bar for picking up or co-operating with t e legs pertaining to each row of guides, although the control of the separated batteries of horizontal needles from the jacquard cards maybe, and preferably is, effected by a system of vertical needles that are arranged ina singlebattery or group, but are so constructed as to permit of theirefi'ective mounting and operation within the lateral space available for their accommodation.

The grouping of lifter pegs and horizontal needles in accordance with the invention enables the use of narrower yarn carriers and the consequent closer pitching of the tuft- -grippers and permits of the construction of a loom that will weave a fabric of corres onding closer or finer pitch, and also rencers it possible to reduce the overall width of the jacquard without sacrifice of lifter-peg section and guide-brass thickness, and further, the invention enables the strengthening, in the manner hereafter described, of certain parts of the jacquard which are subjected to V considerable impact-shock and wear in oper ation, such, for instance, as the lifter comb and the lifter-stops that co-operate with the said comb for determining the at rest positions of the lifters and yarn-carriers.

An application of the invention to the j acnsaasss quard mechanism of an Axminster carpetloom is hereinafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1 and 1 show, partly in section and partly in side elevation, the general arrangement of the jacquard mechanism as mounted in the loom; the construction being one in which the lifter-peg guide-brasses of the alternateyarn-carrierliftersare staggered to dispose the said brasses, and the vertical rows of pegs housed therein, in two different horizontal planes, and in which the horizontal needles are arranged in two separate batteries spaced apart vertically to correspond to the spacing of the two rows of lifter-brasses. The view also shows the arrangement of the needle-operating bars of the grid in two groups and the duplication of the dabbing boards and lifting-bars or straight-edges. The particular jacquard illustrated is designed for use with frames up to eight colors, or to control the weaving of fabric containing a maximum of seven pattern-colors in addition to the ground color, each lifter be ing, for that purpose, provided with seven lifter pegs corresponding to the seven lower or jacquard-controlled pattern yarns contained in the yarn-carriers to which the lifters are respectively connected.

Figure 2 is a view showing the grid with its two vertically-separated sets of needleoperating bars as seen from the inner or rear face of the said grid.

Figure 3' is a perspective view showing, upon an enlarged scale, two pairs of yarncarrier lifters with their complementary lifter-pegguide-brasses and a portion of the top and bottom comb-plates whereby the said lifters are guided in their vertical movements and are also suspended, when in their at rest positions, from the said top combplate. The view also shows the staggered disposition that locates the guides of the alternate lifters in two different and vertically-spaced horizontal rows.

Figure 3 shows in elevation and edge view an assembly of four lifters, with the whole of the pegs of each lifter projected beyond the edge of their guide-brass.

Figure 4 shows elevations of an adjacent pair of lifters and an edge view of one of them, and illustrates the formation given to their upper or suspension ends and the at rest stops attached thereto.

Figure 5is a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the bottom comb for guiding the lifters.

Figure 6 is a similar view of a part of the top comb plate that also guides the lifters and provides for their suspension in their at rest positions.

Figure 7 is-an elevation needle box.

Figures 8 and 9 are an elevation and plan of the vertical returned to their normal positions by their springs.

The vertical spacingof the duplicated lifting bars or straight-edges h b (which are coupled to work as a unit) is determined by the spacing of the rows of 'guide-brasses 0n the lifters and they (the lifting bars) provide for the raising of the needle-selected lifters and their yarn carriers through distances corresponding to the vertical relation of the projected lifter pegs to the stroke of the lifting-bar unit; it being obvious that if the lowest peg of any one brass is projected, it will be engaged by a lifting bar early in the stroke of the latter and provide for the maximum lift being transmitted to the corresponding yarn carrier, and that a less carrier lift is transmitted when a higher peg is projected since the lifter-bar then makes a longer idle stroke before picking up or' engaging the P As shown in Figure 1, both the upper and lower batteries of horizontal needles are controlled from the cards through a single'battery of vertical needles 6, each of which is interconnected with a complementary horizontal needle in either the upper or lower battery, the vertical needles being slid ably suspended at the upper ends from stop-pins 7' arranged across a needle-box j (see Figures 8, 9 and 10) in the head of the acquard whilst their lower ends slidably engage in and are guided by perforations in a needle plate j (see Figure 11) fixed across theframe between the lower battery of horizontal needles and the cardcylinder k.

To enable the necessary number of vertical needles to-be compacted for accommodation in the samelateral space as the two horizontal batteries, particular formations of vertical needles and special dispositions of the same in relation to the horizontal needles are adapted. That is to say, in the seven-color control application of the invention now being described, the vertical needles are dis posed in staggered rows across the width of the acquard in the manner shown by the arrangement of theirguide holes in the plan view of the needle guide-plate 7' Figure 11, the holes in therows numbered '1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13, being staggered relatively to the holes in the rows numbered 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14, and the needles that are guided by the holes in the odd-numbered rows are interconnected with and control complementary needles in the upper horizontal battery, whilst the needles guided by the holes in the even-numbered rows are interconnected with and control complementary horizontal needles in the lower battery as shown in the view of apart of the complete needle assembly Figure 12. The needles of the upper and lower horizontal batteries are thus controlled respectively by alternate rows of needles in the vertical'battery.

This close or compacted disposition of vertical battery (which enables the use of narrower yarn carriers and a corresponding closer-pitched system of tuft-grippers) involves the formation of the needles of the two sets'in a manner which will permit of each individual vertical needle effectively to control its complementary horizontal, and also to make its prescribed rise-and-fall movement without fouling the horizontal needles in either battery; this being realized by cranking the needles intermediate their suspension heads and the ends that work in the guide plate as shown in the general assembly, F igure 12, and also in the detail view, Figure 13. In this Figure 13 the needles numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13, are a set adapted to control seven horizontal needles 1 3*, 5' 7-, 9*, 11 and 13 in the upper battery and the needles numbered 2, l, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 1a, are a set adapted to control horizontal needles 2", 4:, 6 8, 10 12 and 14 in the lower battery, and it will be seen from this View how the needles 1, 3, etc. controlling the top horizontals l, 3 ,*etc. are cranked at j and j to afford clearance for the needles in the lower horizontal battery and how the other needles, 2, 4, etc. controlling the lower horizontals 2", 43, etc. are cranked at y" in their upper parts to afford clearance for the needles in the top horizontal battery. This cranking of the vertical needles not only provides the clearance which enables each vertical to move without fouling or displacing any other needle than the one to which it is interconnected, but enables the loop or kink 7' formed in each vertical needle for housing its complementary horizontal to be closed or bridged on its open side by a straight portion of an adjacent vertical needle as shown in the general assembly view, Figure 12. The loops in the vertical needles are thus completed and the correct location of the horizontal needles in their prescribed positions is ensured.

The suspension of the vertical needles in their at rest positions is provided for by arranging their head-stops j normally to bear upon suspension pins j disposed across the needle box as shown in Figures 8, 9, 10 and 12, and owing to the cranking of the needles which disposes the heads of two alternating rows into the same plane, both such rows can be suspended in common from a single stoppin j as shown in Figure 10, which enables the arrangement of an etiicient construction of needle box with the same lateral space as the needle assembly. Twisting or rotational displacement ofthe vertical needles is prevented by providing a series of spacing wires j extending from side to side of the upper part of the needle box as shown in Figure 9 and arranging the stop-heads of the needles to slidably engage the spaces bet-ween these wires.

With regard to the suspension of the yarncarrier lifters: in their at rest?- positions, the

present practice is to extend the upper ends to severe stress under the repeated impact of the falling lifter-stops, it is essential in the interests of efficiency-and"durability to make the comb of'adeq-ua-te strength to take the load and. jar of the lifters, and to provide lifter' stops having a substantial area of bearmg surface on the comb, and to realize these desiderata in a jacquard according to the present invention where the available Width of the comb-plate is required not to exceed the width of the needle assembly, it is proposed to construct'and arrange the stop ends of the litters and the comb-platesubstantially in. the manner hereinafter described with par-- ticular reference toFigures 3, 3 4, 5, and 6 of the drawings,

That is to say, the suspension endsof the lifters are shaped into tongues a I). of approximately half the full width of the blades- (see Figure 4) and the extremities of these tongues havestop-pieces a 6 attached to the sides thereof; these stops being of a thickness equivalent to the pitching or lateralseparation of the individual lifters. lneach pair of lifters, the tongues are formed on the back half of the one and in the front half of the other but both have the stop-pieces attached to the same side. For the accommodation and guiding of the lifters, the top comb-plate c is constructed as shown in Figure 6, of two halves c 0 cut with lifter-guide slots 6 c which are adapted to accommodate the tongues a If and are separated by widths of metal equivalent to the thickness of the lifter stops a 6 The two halves of the comb are so assembled as to stagger the slots 0 in relation to the slots 0 and the lifters are arranged in pairs across the width of the assembly (see Figures 3 and 3 so that all the tongues a of the successive pairs engage slots 0 on one side of the centre-line of the comb and all the tongues Z2 engage slotsvon the other side of the said centre-line; the stoppieces of the two series of tongues alternately taking their bearings on the solid metal separating the slots. Thus notwithstanding that the parts of the lifters which engage the comb are substantially narrower than the parts that carry the lifter-peg brasses, the staggered arrangement of correspondinglyshorter guide-slots alternately on opposite sides of the combplate centreline permits of the interposition of ample metal bet-ween the slots in the halves of the comb adequately to take the load and impact of the lifters,

and provides also adequate areas of wearing surface on the combandlifter-sto s;

The construction of the top com in halves slotted along their meetingedges permits off the ready assembly of the top comb with lifters to which. the stop-pieces have already been attached to the sides of the tongues. Thebottom comb is also made in halves *0, 0 cut with registering sets of slots as shown. in Fig-, ure 5 to accommodate the lifter-plates, and

is mountcdacross the frame below the needle.

assembly.

Having claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s 2- 1. A differential lift jacquardmechanism" for tuft-fabric looms comprising'a plurality of yarn carrier lifters, a lifter eg guide on each. of said lifters, said gui es being arranged in separated and superimposed rows,

lifter-pegs carried in each of said guides "and disposed in vertically spaced groups of horizontal rows, a group of horizontaljacquard needles for each group of lifter-pegs and similarly vertically spaced from one another,

aliftingbar for each group of lifter-pegs and a dabbing board for returnin any of thepegs of each group (displace by the jacquard needles) to its inoperative position.

2.- A differential lift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprising a set of yarn carrier lifters, a lifter-pe guide on each of said lifters, said guides separated and superimposed rows and the guide on each lifter being arrangedin a different row from the guides on the adjacent lifters, a plurality of lifter-pegs in each of" said guides, a group of horizontal jac uard" needles for each group of lifter-pegs an 'sim' ilarly spaced from one another, superim-- posed and separate groups of grid bars each acting on one of the groups of horizontal needles, a series of dabbing boards,jeach; of which returns any displaced lifter-pegs in a row of guides to the inoperative position at the end of'each loom cycle, and a series of lifting bars each acting on the displaced lifter-pegs in one of the rows of guides.

3. A differentiallift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprisinga set of yarn carrier-lifters, a lifter-peg guide on each of said lifters, said guides being arranged in two separated and superimposed 'rows and the guide oneach'lifter beingarrangedin a differentrow from that on the adjacent lifter a plurality of lifter-pegs in each of sai guides, two separated and superimposed. bat teries of horizontal jacquard needles, each of which needles operates in conjunction with a lifter-peg in the corresponding row of lifter-peg guides, two superimposed and separate groups of grid bars each acting on a row of needles in the correspondin group of horizontal needles, two'dabbing %oards each of which returns any displaced "lifter-pegs described my invention, what I eing arranged in,

in the corresponding row of lifter 'peg guides to their inoperative positionv at the end of each loom cycle and two superimposed lift- Ming bars each acting on the lifting pegs in 'the corresponding row of lifter-peg guides. {1. A differential lift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprising a set of yarn carrier lifters, a lifter-peg guide on each of '.,..said lifters, said guides arranged in two separated and superimposed rows and the guide on one lifter being arranged in a different rowfrom the guides on the adjacent lifters, two correspondingly separated groups of horizontal jacquard needles and a single group of vertical jacquard. needles co-operating therewith. i

5. A differential liftjacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms according to claim 4 in which the vertical needles are arranged in staggered rows, the needles in alternate rows controlling the complementary needles in one of the superimposed batteries of horizontal needles. I

M 6. A differential lift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprising a set of yarn carrier-lifters, a lifter-peg guide on each of said lifters, said guides being arranged in two separated and superimposed rows, and

,the guide of each lifter being located in a difi'erent row from that on the adjacent lifter,

two correspondingly separated groups or batteries of horizontal jacquard needles each needle of which is controlled by one of a group of Vertical jacquard needles arranged in staggered rows, one group of horizontal needles being controlled by one set of alternate vertical needles, the other group of horizontal needles being controlled by the other a" set of alternate vertical needles, each of said horizontal needles being carried by a loop or kink, formed in a corresponding vertical needle in one of the said alternate rows, which is closed by a crankedpart of a needle PM in the other of the said alternate rows.

7. A difi'erential lift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprising a set of yarn carrier lifters, alifter-peg guide on each of said lifters, said guides being arranged in two'separated and superimposed rows, and

the guide of each lifter being located in a different roW from that on the adjacent lifter,

two correspondingly separated groups or batteries of horizontal jacquard needles, each needle of which iscontrolled by one of a group of vertical jacquard needles arranged in staggered rows, one group of horizontal needles being controlled by one set of alternate vertical needles, the other group of horizontal needles being controlled by the other set of alternate vertical needles, each of said horizontal needles being carried by a loop or kink, formed in a corresponding vertical needle in one of the said alternate V rows, which is closed by a cranked part of a needle in the other of the said alternate rows, and a needle box containing the heads of said'vertical needles which are carried by stop pins, two rows, (one from each set of alternate vertical needles) being carried by each stop pin.

8. A diiierential lift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprising a set of yarn carrier lifters, a lifter-peg guide on each of said lifters, said uides being arranged in two separated and superimposed rows, and the guide of each lfter being located in a different row from that on the adjacent lifter, a top comb-plate having guide and suspension slots located on opposite sides of its centre line wherein reduced ends of the lifters are housed, and stops on the said reduced ends, opposed to the metal at the side of the slots wherein the said ends are guided.

9. A differential lift jacquard mechanism for tuft-fabric looms comprising a set of yarn carrier lifters, a lifter-peg guide on each of said lifters, said guides being arranged in separated and superimposed rows lifter-pegs carried in each of said guides and disposed in vertically spaced groups of horizontal rows, a group of horizontal jacquard needles for each group of lifter-pegs, a single group of vertical jacquard needles arranged in staggered rows, the needles in alternate rows controlling the complementary needles in one of the groups of horizontal needles, a lifting bar for each group of lifter-pegs, and a dabbing board for returning any of the pegs of each group (displaced by the horizontal jacquard needles) to its inoperative position.

In witness whereof I alfix my signature.

CECIL C. BRINTON. 

